A citizen filing a complaint with the court is permitted even if no officer is involved.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Only during emergencies
• D. Not specified

Answer: (A)

A private citizen can initiate a case by filing a complaint with the court even when no law enforcement officer is involved. A complaint is a formal document that presents facts supporting a claim of criminal wrongdoing or a civil violation and is used to start proceedings; the court evaluates whether there is a sufficient basis to proceed, independent of police involvement. The filing party may need to sign an oath or affidavit, and from there the court may issue process or refer the matter to a prosecutor to decide on charges. Police involvement is not a prerequisite for bringing a matter to the court, and this is true in both ordinary circumstances and non-emergency situations.